What action should be taken immediately after the filtration process is completed?

After completing the filtration process, the most appropriate action is to open the clamp or stopper before turning off the vacuum. This step is crucial as it prevents the creation of a sudden vacuum release that could cause splashing or dislodging of the filter medium. When the vacuum is left on with the clamps closed, it maintains a negative pressure in the system, which could lead to hazardous situations if abruptly stopped. By first opening the clamp, you allow the vacuum to release gradually and safely, thereby ensuring that any residual liquid is drawn smoothly without risks of contamination or spills.

Other actions, while important at different stages, are not immediately necessary at this point in the process. Discarding materials might lead to the premature disposal of valuable samples or resources needed for further analysis. Inspecting results under a microscope is typically done after ensuring the safety and integrity of the filtration setup. Recording data is essential but should occur after handling all immediate processes and ensuring the area is secure. Thus, prioritizing the safe operation of the filtration apparatus is paramount.